Drawing on the perspectives of a group of European informants, this scoping study offers the first Delphi study of inclusive physical activity principles and strategies. Using an adaptation of the Delphi methodology, this article reports on a study aiming to identify a consensus regarding the most impactful principles and strategies for all members of communities regardless of their personal or social characteristics. However, policy and research attention towards these groups have been inconsistent and often lacking (Kay 2016 Williams and Gibson 2018).
Physical activity is known to be lowest among sectors of the population at the lower end of the social gradient (Kay 2016), making marginalised and disadvantaged groups at greater vulnerability to a range of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and obesity (United Nations 2011). Physical activity plays a vital role in improving and maintaining health and well-being (Franklin 2011), and growing epidemiological and physiological research has highlighted adverse health implications for prolonged sedentary time, regardless of age, personal characteristics, and activity status (Patterson et al. The article concludes by offering ten concepts – drawn from the empirical findings – that might act as a starting-point for the development of the concept for an inclusive physical activity programme. The four core strategies were: adapt the rules and aims of the programme to the abilities of participants apply adaptability of teaching/coaching methods be accessible and available to participants and establish models to make sure participants’ voices are heard. The core principles were: focus on participants’ needs include disabled people in planning focus on ability, not disability and promote equal opportunities. MethodsĪ 3-stage Delphi study involving a group of 34 Europe-based subject specialists was used to articulate shared expert opinions on the main research question: What are the key principles (general theories, values, or framework) that should guide practice of inclusive approaches to physical activity? What are the key strategies (practical approaches that can promote inclusive physical activity) of inclusive approaches to physical activity? Resultsįour core principles and four core strategies (and six less-supported principles/strategies for each) were identified through this process.
The article seeks to articulate a consensus of the opinions of a group of subject experts about the principles and strategies of inclusive physical activity.
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